Ground electrode installation and arrangement is influenced by soil type and grounding resistance, as well as geographic factors and other site requirements.
Preferred shapes are Y and X (also known as star shape). Specific locations such as roadside or locations with limited space may require a loop or a T shape. In the T shape, two ground electrodes are along the road and the third electrode is perpendicular to them away from the road. The Y shape is the most cost-effective. To get an even lower impedance, you can use the X shape. The loop shape is an alternative when space is limited or you need to protect the sensors in soil.
To decrease the rise of ground potential, you can add a loop around the connectors.
A practical solution is to form a star with 3 or 4 ground electrodes and connect them all to a center point, such as a grounding connector. Connect the down conductor and other ground wires (for example mains, signal, and transient suppressor) to the grounding connector too. Do not use daisy-chaining.
Distribute the conductors evenly around the protected structure to keep the impedance of the connection wires as low as possible.